Medicare IRMAA Calculator 2025–2026
Find out if you owe a Medicare IRMAA surcharge and exactly how much. Enter your income and filing status — takes under a minute.
What is IRMAA?
IRMAA (Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount) is an extra charge added to your Medicare Part B and Part D premiums if your income is above a certain level. It is not a penalty — it is simply a higher premium tier for higher-income beneficiaries.
The key thing most people don't know: Medicare looks at your income from 2 years ago, not your current income. For 2026 premiums, Medicare uses your 2024 tax return.
Medicare IRMAA — Frequently Asked Questions
- IRMAA stands for Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount. It is an extra charge on top of your standard Medicare Part B and Part D premiums. You pay IRMAA if your Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) from two years ago exceeds the threshold for your filing status. In 2026, single filers earning more than $109,000 (or joint filers earning more than $218,000) will pay IRMAA surcharges.
- Medicare uses your most recently filed tax return to determine your income. Since tax returns for a given year are typically not filed until the following spring, Medicare uses income from 2 years prior. For 2026 premiums, Medicare looks at your 2024 tax return.
- MAGI stands for Modified Adjusted Gross Income. For Medicare purposes, it is your Adjusted Gross Income (Line 11 of Form 1040) plus any tax-exempt interest income (Line 2a). You can find both numbers on your federal tax return from 2 years ago.
- Yes. If you experienced a life-changing event — such as retirement, divorce, death of a spouse, or significant income reduction — you can request a reconsideration using SSA Form SSA-44. Medicare may use a more recent year's income instead of the two-year-old figure.
- In 2026, the IRMAA surcharge for Part B ranges from $81.20 to $487.00 per month above the standard $202.90 base premium, depending on your income bracket and filing status. The Part D surcharge ranges from $14.50 to $91.00 per month added to your plan premium.
- Yes. SeniorCalc's IRMAA calculator supports both 2025 and 2026 brackets. CMS releases the official brackets for the next year each November. The 2026 brackets on this calculator reflect the official CMS announcement.
- Part B covers doctor visits and outpatient care. Part D covers prescription drugs. Both have IRMAA surcharges for higher-income beneficiaries, but they are calculated separately. The Part D IRMAA is added on top of whatever premium your specific drug plan charges.
- The distance to next bracket shows you how much your income can increase before you move into a higher IRMAA tier — or how much it would need to decrease to drop into a lower tier. This is useful for year-end income planning, Roth conversions, or deciding when to sell investments.